One Or The Other
SAR dogs can be classified loosely as one of the other, either an air-scenting dog or trailing dog. Air-scenting dogs tend to work off of a lead and use airborne human scent, while the trailing dogs are usually on a lead and use their nose to follow ground disturbances.
Distance
It varies on atmospheric conditions, but a well-trained air-scenting dog can detect a scent source from a distance of about 1/4 mile (400 m) or even more.